PGT vs TGT vs PRT: Which embryo testing method is right for you?
18 April 2025PGT vs TGT vs PRT: Which embryo testing method is right for you?
Embryo testing has transformed fertility treatments, providing valuable insights into the health and viability of embryos before implantation. For individuals and couples undergoing IVF, selecting the right embryo testing method can greatly impact success rates and help minimize the risk of inherited genetic conditions. Understanding the available testing options—PGT, TGT, and PRT—can empower you to make informed decisions tailored to your unique fertility journey. Let’s explore how each method works and what sets them apart.
What is PGT (Preimplantation Genetic Testing)?
PGT is an advanced embryo testing method used during IVF to screen embryos for genetic disorders. It is divided into three categories:
PGT-A (for Aneuploidies): Detects chromosomal abnormalities such as extra or missing chromosomes (e.g., Down syndrome).
PGT-M (for Monogenic diseases): Identifies single-gene disorders like thalassemia or cystic fibrosis.
PGT-SR (for Structural Rearrangements): Detects chromosome structural changes like translocations or inversions.
Who should consider PGT (Preimplantation Genetic Testing)?
Women above 35 years: Higher risk of chromosomal issues in embryos.
Couples with recurrent miscarriages: PGT helps identify healthy embryos.
Carriers of genetic conditions: Prevents passing inherited disorders.
Previous IVF failures: Helps improve success by selecting normal embryos.
Benefits of PGT (Preimplantation Genetic Testing)
Improves implantation rates by selecting healthy embryos.
Reduces miscarriage risk caused by genetic abnormalities.
Increases the chance of a healthy baby by avoiding genetic conditions.
What is TGT (Trophectoderm Genetic Testing)?
TGT is a type of embryo biopsy technique that involves extracting a few cells from the trophectoderm — the part of the embryo that becomes the placenta — on day 5 or 6 (blastocyst stage). This sample is then analysed for genetic defects using PGT methods.
Note: TGT is not a test itself but a biopsy technique used to perform genetic testing (typically PGT).
Why is TGT preferred?
More cells can be safely collected without harming the embryo.
Higher accuracy in detecting chromosomal abnormalities.
Embryo remains viable for freezing and later transfer.
Ideal for:
Couples opting for genetic testing without compromising embryo health.
Diagnosis Capability:
TGT is not a standalone diagnostic method but a sampling technique used in PGT (especially PGT-A, PGT-M, and PGT-SR). It supports the diagnosis of:
Chromosomal aneuploidies
Genetic mutations
Structural changes in the chromosome structure.
What is PRT (Preimplantation Receptivity Testing)?
PRT, also referred to as the Endometrial Receptivity Test (ERA), is not a genetic test on embryos — it is a molecular analysis of the uterine lining to determine the optimal time for embryo transfer.
How does it work?
PRT analyzes gene expression in the endometrium to identify a woman’s personal window of implantation, increasing the likelihood of successful embryo implantation.
Who benefits from PRT?
Women with multiple IVF failures despite good-quality embryos.
Patients with unexplained infertility.
Those undergoing frozen embryo transfers (FET).
Diagnosis Capability:
Assesses gene expression related to endometrial receptivity.
Identifies the Window of Implantation (WOI).
Diagnoses: Endometrial receptivity issues, especially in cases of recurrent unexplained infertility.
Comparison Table: PGT vs TGT vs PRT
Feature | PGT | TGT | PRT |
Purpose | Screen embryos for genetic issues. | Biopsy method for embryo testing. | Identify optimal time for embryo transfer. |
Target | Embryo (genetic/chromosomal) | Trophectoderm (outer embryo cells) | Uterine lining (endometrium) |
Timing | Day 5-6 embryos | Day 5-6 (blastocyst stage) | Endometrial biopsy before transfer |
Benefit | Healthy embryo selection | Accurate genetic sampling | Improved implantation timing |
Recommended for | Older women, genetic carriers | All PGT procedures | Repeated IVF failures |
Which testing method is right for you?
Choosing between PGT, TGT, and PRT depends on your unique fertility profile. Here’s a quick guide:
Choose PGT if you’re concerned about inherited conditions or chromosomal issues.
TGT is the most suitable biopsy method if you opt for PGT — offering safe and reliable cell sampling.
Consider PRT if you’ve experienced implantation failure or unexplained IVF setbacks despite good embryo quality.
Why choose Bavishi Fertility Institute for embryo testing?
At Bavishi Fertility Institute, we combine world-class expertise with advanced laboratory technology to offer comprehensive fertility testing and treatments. Our experienced team tailors each fertility plan to your medical history, emotional needs, and reproductive goals.
Whether you’re exploring embryo preimplantation genetic screening or optimizing your uterine receptivity, we are here to guide you every step of the way.
Conclusion
Embryo testing is a powerful tool that empowers you with knowledge, enhances IVF success, and brings you closer to your dream of parenthood. Whether it’s identifying genetic risks through PGT, ensuring accurate sampling with TGT, or optimizing transfer timing with PRT — the right testing approach can make a significant difference in your fertility journey.
Understanding the purpose and benefit of each method allows you to make informed decisions tailored to your specific needs. With expert guidance and advanced technology, embryo testing helps reduce uncertainty, improves your chances of a healthy pregnancy, and supports a more confident and hopeful IVF experience.
At Bavishi Fertility Institute, we’re here to help you choose the best path forward — with care, clarity, and commitment at every step. Book a consultation today and let our expert team design a personalized fertility plan that gives you the best chance at a healthy pregnancy.
Author bio
Dr Parth Bavishi
Dr Parth Bavishi, MD in Obstetrics and Gynecology, brings over 12 years of invaluable work experience to his role as Director of Bavishi Fertility Institute, leading a group of IVF clinics committed to helping couples realize their dreams of parenthood.
Bavishi Fertility Institute is dedicated to providing customized and personalized treatments which are simple, safe , smart and successful. Bavishi Fertility Institute works with success and satisfaction for all at heart. Providing an ideal blend of professional treatment and personalised care.
Dr Parth had special training in infertility at Bavishi fertility Institute, the Diamond Institute, USA, and the HART Institute, Japan.
Dr Bavishi is a distinguished expert in his field. In addition to his clinical practice, Dr Bavishi is the author of the acclaimed book, ‘Your Miracle in Making: A Couple’s Guide to Pregnancy,’ offering invaluable insights to couples navigating the complexities of fertility. He loves to empower patients to make the correct choice by education both online and offline.
His exceptional contributions have earned him the prestigious Rose of Paracelsus award from the European Medical Association. Dr Parth has been an invited faculty at many national and international conferences.
FAQs
No, while PGT improves success rates by selecting healthy embryos, it does not guarantee implantation or pregnancy as other factors also influence the outcome.
Typically, results from embryo testing (PGT) are available within 1–2 weeks, but this can vary depending on the laboratory and testing complexity.
Yes, PGT can be performed on embryos created using donor eggs or sperm, especially if there’s a need to check for chromosomal abnormalities.
Most insurance plans in India do not cover PGT, TGT, or PRT as standard; however, coverage may vary by provider and plan. It’s best to consult your insurer.
No, PGT-M targets specific known monogenic disorders. It cannot detect every genetic disease unless there’s a known mutation to test for.
Yes, embryos are typically frozen after testing, especially since results take time. This also allows for scheduling a transfer during the optimal window (e.g., after PRT).
No, PRT is usually recommended only for women with recurrent implantation failure or unexplained IVF failures, not for every patient. Recent literature has shown doubtful effectiveness of ERA (Endometrial Receptivity Array) testing.
Aneuploidy is a major cause of failed implantation and miscarriage.
PGT testing’s primary purpose has been to increase healthy IVF births and avoid genetic disorders.
Children born after PGT testing do not have documented health risks beyond normal IVF-associated risks.
Ahmedabad